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Compound Summary

General Compound Information

citric acid

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Description

Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. It has a role as a food acidity regulator, a chelator, an antimicrobial agent and a fundamental metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a citrate(1-) and a citrate anion.

Synonyms

citric acid; 77-92-9; Citric acid, anhydrous; 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; Aciletten;

Anhydrous citric acid;Citro;Citretten;Chemfill;Hydrocerol A;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-;Citric acid anhydrous;Kyselina citronova;2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid;2-Hydroxytricarballylic acid;Caswell No. 221C;3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentane-1,5-dioic acid;FEMA No. 2306;2-Hydroxypropanetricarboxylic acid;FEMA Number 2306;K-Lyte;Kyselina citronova [Czech];K-Lyte DS;Citric acid,anhydrous;CCRIS 3292;HSDB 911;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 021801;Citricum acidum;Citric acid monoglyceride;Uro-trainer;AI3-06286;Suby G;NSC 30279;NSC 626579;BRN 0782061;MFCD00011669;NSC-30279;NSC-626579;CHEMBL1261;XF417D3PSL;Kyselina 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propantrikarbonova [Czech];DTXSID3020332;Kyselina 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propantrikarbonova;CHEBI:30769;.beta.-Hydroxytricarballylic acid;citr;NSC30279;NSC626579;NSC-112226;Citric acid bp;Citric acid, 99%;NCGC00090954-03;E330;2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxyic acid;Citric acid,hydrous;E 330;beta-Hydroxytricarballylic acid;Citric acid, hydrous;CITRATE ANION;141633-96-7;DTXCID50332;INS NO.330;Citric acid [USAN:JAN];CAS-77-92-9;INS-330;1,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-;10402-15-0;EINECS 201-069-1;UNII-XF417D3PSL;E-330;Citraclean;Citronensaeure;Acidum citricum;citric-acid;Anhydrous citrate;2fwp;4aci;4nrm;H3cit;Citric acid, anhydrous [USP:JAN];Citric Acid,(S);Citric acid (8CI);K-Lyte (Salt/Mix);1i2s;1o4l;1rq2;1y4a;2bo4;2c4v;2fw6;4to8;Citraclean (Salt/Mix);Citric acid-[13C6];Citric Acid (Anhydrous);Spectrum3_001850;WLN: QV1XQVQ1VQ;beta-Hydroxytricarballylate;cid_311;K-Lyte/Cl (Salt/Mix);CITRIC ACID [MI];K-Lyte DS (Salt/Mix);Acidum citricum monohydrate;bmse000076;HOC(CH2COOH)2COOH;EC 201-069-1;CITRIC ACID [FHFI];CITRIC ACID [HSDB];NCIStruc1_000057;NCIStruc2_000099;NCIOpen2_004062;NCIOpen2_004502;Oprea1_502996;BSPBio_003240;Citric acid anhydrous (JAN);4-03-00-01272 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);Citric Acid, anhydrous, USP;MLS001066346;CITRIC ACID [WHO-DD];citric acid (Fragrance Grade);Citric acid, anhydrous (USP);CITRICUM ACIDUM [HPUS];Anhydrous citric acid (JP17);GTPL2478;Citric Acid (Industrial Grade);Citric acid, analytical standard;BDBM14672;Citric acid, p.a., 99.5%;KBio3_002740;4o61;Citric acid, Electrophoresis Grade;HMS1787N01;HMS2268B04;Pharmakon1600-01300013;ZINC895081;ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID [II];ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID [JAN];HY-N1428;STR12052;Tox21_113436;Tox21_202405;Tox21_300124;BBL002530;NSC759606;s5761;STK286098;CITRIC ACID,ANHYDROUS [VANDF];AKOS000119911;ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID [MART.];Citric acid, LR, anhydrous, >=99%;2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate;ACIDUM CITRICUM [WHO-IP LATIN];CS-6965;DB04272;3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentane-1,5-dioate;Citric acid, >=99.5%, FCC, FG;Citric acid, ACS reagent, >=99.5%;Citric Acid, anhydrous powder, A.C.S.;2-Hydroxy-1,3-propanetricarboxylic acid;CITRIC ACID, ANHYDROUS [WHO-IP];NCGC00090954-01;NCGC00090954-02;NCGC00090954-04;NCGC00090954-05;NCGC00254055-01;NCGC00259954-01;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylicacid;BP-31028;Citric Acid, anhydrous granular, A.C.S.;NCI60_022579;SMR000471840;SBI-0206765.P001;Citric acid, SAJ first grade, >=99.5%;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propane tricarboxylic acid;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic acid;ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID [USP MONOGRAPH];C1949;CITRIC ACID, ANHYDROUS [EP IMPURITY];Citric acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%;FT-0623957;FT-0665073;FT-0728530;CITRIC ACID, ANHYDROUS [USP IMPURITY];CLENPIQ COMPONENT ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID;EN300-16683;C00158;D00037;AE-562/40806920;ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID COMPONENT OF CLENPIQ;Citric acid, BioUltra, anhydrous, >=99.5% (T);Q159683;J-520099;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy- (9CI);Citric acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R);Citric acid, meets USP testing specifications, anhydrous;F2191-0222;8F5D336A-442D-434A-9FB0-E400FF74E343;Citrate standard for IC, 1000 mg/L, analytical standard;1,2,3-PROPANETRICARBOXYLIC ACID,2-HYDROXY (CITRIC ACID);Citric acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;CITRIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF CRANBERRY LIQUID PREPARATION) [DSC];Citric acid, anhydrous, cell culture tested, plant cell culture tested;Citric acid, anhydrous, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard;Citric acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ACS reagent, >=99.5%;CITRIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF GARCINIA CAMBOGIA AND GARCINIA INDICA) [DSC];Citric acid, Anhydrous, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material;Citric acid, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, E330, anhydrous, 99.5-100.5% (based on anhydrous substance);

FlavorDB ID

524 PUBCHEM ID

Molecular Weight

192.12 Molecular Formula

C6H8O7

Openeye Can Smiles

C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O

IUPAC Inchikey

KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Network

Similarity

CATEGORY	QUALITY	THRESHOLD	OCCURENCE	REFERENCE
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	black tea	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	morel mushrooms	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	chicken broth	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	crustaceans	details
taste	sour and salty	2.600e+3 µmol/L	parmesan cheese	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	red wine	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L		details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	cocoa	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	cocoa nibs	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	apple apple juice	details
taste	sour	9.369e+0 µmol/L	whisky	details
taste	sour	2.603e+3 µmol/L	whisky	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L		details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L		details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	black tea	details
taste	sour	2.600e+3 µmol/L	morel mushrooms	details
taste	sour/acid		water	details

Toxicity Summary
Link to the Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database
ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5040 mg/kg [Mouse]. 3000 mg/kg [Rat].
Source: DrugBank or Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Food Additive Safety (OFAS)
CITRIC ACID is used for ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT, ANTIOXIDANT, ENZYME, FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT, LEAVENING AGENT, PH CONTROL AGENT, SEQUESTRANT, SOLVENT OR VEHICLE, SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT. More food additive safty information please view GRAS report.

EFSA's chemical Hazards Database : OpenFoodTox
This compound is found in OpenFoodTox with the name: Citric acid

Reference point : Defined point on an experimental dose–response relationship for the critical effect. This term is synonymous to Point of departure (USA). Reference points include the lowest or no observed adverse effect level (LOAEL/NOAEL) or benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BDML), used to derive a reference value or Margin of Exposure in human and animal health risk assessment. In the ecological area, these include lethal dose (LD50), effect concentration (EC5/ECx), no (adverse) effect concentration/dose (NOEC/NOAEC/NOAED), no (adverse) effect level (NEL/NOAEL), hazard concentration (HC5/HCx) derived from a Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for the ecosystem (EFSA Scientific Committee,2018). Citation: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4740174

Reference point information of this compound is not available!

Reference Value

Reference Value : The estimated maximum dose (on a body mass basis) or the concentration of an agent to which an individual may be exposed over a specified period without appreciable risk. Reference values are established by applying an uncertainty factor to the reference point. Examples of reference values in human health include acceptable daily intake (ADI) for food and feed additives, and pesticides, tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for vitamins and minerals, and tolerable daily intake (TDI) for contaminants and food contact materials. For acute effects and operators, the acute reference dose (ARfD) and the acceptable operator exposure level (AOEL). In animal health and the ecological area, these include safe feed concentrations and the Predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) respectively (EFSA Scientific Committee, 2018). Citation: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4740174

OUTPUT ID	ASSESSMENT	QUALIFIER	VALUE	UNIT	POPULATION
2614	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Pigs
2614	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Poultry
2614	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Ruminants - unspecified
2614	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Young cattle of less than 1 year of age
2615	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Pigs
2615	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Poultry
2615	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Ruminants - unspecified
2615	MSI/FC	<=	15000	mg/kg	Young cattle of less than 1 year of age

Genotoxicity

Author	YEAR	OUTPUT ID	Genotoxicity
EFSA ANS	2016	2876	No data
EFSA FEEDAP	2015	2614	No data
EFSA FEEDAP	2015	2615	No data

EFSA Outputs

Output ID	Title	DOI	Published
2614	Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of citric acid when used as a technological additive (preservative) for all animal species	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4009	17Feb2015
2615	Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of citric acid when used as a technological additive (acidity regulator) for all animal species	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4010	17Feb2015
2876	Safety of trimagnesium dicitrate anhydrous (TMDC) to be used as a food additive in food supplements in solid and chewable forms	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4599	17Nov2016

Receptors

Receptor information of this compound is not available!

Consensus Spectra

Spectrum Type	Spectrum View	Description	Polarity
Experimental GCMS	view	GCMS	positive
Experimental LCMS	view	LCMS_Positive	positive
Experimental LCMS	view	LCMS_Negative	negative

Content

Compound Summary

citric acid

Description

Synonyms

citric acid; 77-92-9; Citric acid, anhydrous; 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; Aciletten;

FlavorDB ID

524

PUBCHEM ID

311

Molecular Weight

192.12

Molecular Formula

C6H8O7

Openeye Can Smiles

C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O

IUPAC Inchikey

KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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Content

Compound Summary

citric acid

Description

Synonyms

citric acid; 77-92-9; Citric acid, anhydrous; 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; Aciletten;

FlavorDB ID

524

PUBCHEM ID

311

Molecular Weight

192.12

Molecular Formula

C6H8O7

Openeye Can Smiles

C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O

IUPAC Inchikey

KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Network

Shown in network

Similarity

Show/Hide similarity panel

Reference Details

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Reference Details

OpenFoodTox: component Citric acid

GC-MS Spectrum

GC-MS Spectrum

GC-MS Spectrum